Practice Scenarios
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Case 1: Confusion & Dropping BP
Mr. John Doe, 68 years old, was admitted with a respiratory illness. He was alert and stable earlier this morning. His nurse now finds him increasingly confused and agitated. His skin looks pale and mottled, and his blood pressure has been dropping over the past hour. He has been producing thick yellow sputum.
Case 2: Plummeting O₂ Levels
Ms. Jane Smith, 55 years old, aspirated during a meal approximately 30 minutes ago. She is now struggling severely to breathe. Despite being placed on a non-rebreather mask, her oxygen levels continue to fall. She is producing frothy, pink-tinged secretions. She is awake but panicked and cannot speak in full sentences.
Case 3: Crushing Chest Pressure
Mr. Robert Brown, 62 years old, reports an "elephant sitting on his chest." The discomfort radiates to his left arm and jaw. It started about 45 minutes ago while he was resting. He is diaphoretic, pale, and anxious. He has a history of high cholesterol and is a heavy smoker.
Case 4: Sudden Sharp Breathing Pain
Ms. Sarah Miller, 45 years old, is 2 weeks post-operative from a knee replacement surgery. She was ambulating well this morning but suddenly developed sharp, stabbing chest pain that worsens with inspiration. Her heart is racing. She is anxious and says this feels unlike any pain she has had before.
Case 5: Trauma with Active Bleeding
Mr. Mike Johnson, 25 years old, was involved in a high-speed motor vehicle accident 20 minutes ago. EMS brought him in with multiple visible injuries. He is pale, sweaty, and increasingly agitated. There is active bleeding from a laceration on his right thigh and suspected internal injuries.
Case 6: Prolonged Seizure Activity
Mr. David Wilson, 30 years old, has a known history of seizures. He has been witnessing uncontrolled generalised tonic-clonic activity for approximately 8 minutes with no signs of stopping. He is completely unresponsive. Oral secretions are pooling and gurgling sounds are audible.
Case 7: Vomiting, Abdominal Pain & Deep Breathing
Ms. Emily Davis, 19 years old, presents with severe nausea, vomiting, and a vague abdominal pain. She has been feeling unwell for two days. You notice she is breathing in an unusual pattern — deep, laboured, sighing breaths. There is a distinct sweet or fruity odour on her breath. She appears lethargic and dehydrated.
Case 8: Sudden Facial Swelling & Collapse
Mr. Chris Anderson, 40 years old, was eating lunch in the hospital cafeteria when he suddenly developed widespread hives across his body. Within minutes his face, lips, and tongue began swelling. He is now wheezing audibly and feels like he is going to pass out. He states he has never had this happen before.
Case 9: Severe Upper Abdominal Pain
Mr. Kevin Taylor, 50 years old, presents with excruciating epigastric pain that radiates straight through to his back. He rates the pain 9/10 and says it has been building over the last 6 hours. He is nauseated and has vomited twice. He admits to heavy alcohol use over the past several days.
Case 10: Worsening Breathlessness with Wheeze
Ms. Margaret White, 72 years old, has been using her puffers more frequently over the past 3 days. She is now noticeably working harder to breathe, using her neck and shoulder muscles with every breath. She has an increasingly productive cough with greenish, purulent sputum. Despite repeated use of her inhalers at home, she has not improved.